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White papers

Embedded Linux - 2009: Addendum to EMF 2007 Total Cost of Development Paper
In December 2007 EMF published a paper entitled "Embedded Linux, Total Cost of Development Analyzed: An Evaluation of the Costs Associated with Embedded Linux Development as Compared with Commercial RTOSes and Non-Commercial Linux"...The basis of the 2007 analysis was the extensive survey data that EMF compiles year-over-year from embedded developers. The findings and analysis were based on factual data. This is an update including 2009 data. (7 pages)

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Migrating Legacy RTOS Device Drivers to Embedded Linux – William Weinberg, Analyst and Consultant, Linux Pundit.com
With the accelerating pace of application development and ever more compressed product life cycles, the ability to re-use and migrate legacy software to new platforms is paramount. This White Paper examines the particulars of legacy RTOS device interfaces and provides heuristics, resources and concrete examples of migrating this critical code to modern Linux-based embedded platforms. The White Paper reviews the architecture and conventions of drivers built for VxWorks and other legacy RTOSes, and gives developers straightforward guidelines for mapping code and constructs onto Linux 2.6. It examines options for kernel and user space implementations, highlights licensing implications, and presents migration and debugging tools and techniques. (17 pages)

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Migrating legacy VxWorks applications to Linux – William Weinberg, Analyst and Consultant, Linux Pundit.com
This technical white paper helps embedded developers understand the VxWorks-to-Linux transition process and how to assess the challenges and risks involved. It tells how to map legacy VxWorks-based architectures onto Linux, gives options for migrated application execution, discusses VxWorks API and IPC translation, and tells of application-specific migration challenges and solutions. (32 pages)

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MontaVista Mobilinux Dynamic Power Management Programmer's Guide – Ian daSilva
Includes how-to instructions and sample code for using embedded Linux to implement dynamic power management. Includes coverage of CPUfreq, implementing a custom governor, implementing a power-aware Linux driver, reducing engergy consumption of the CPU and of devices, reducing energy consumption during suspend, and sample code for a frequency regulation algorithm and other functions. Includes comments about Freescale i.MX31 and TI OMAP2430 implementation.

Real-time technology for embedded Linux: The MontaVista advantage – William Weinberg, Analyst and Consultant, Linux Pundit.com
This paper provides an understanding of the requirements for real-time capabilities in Linux-based embedded systems. It examines multiple paths to achieving real-time responsiveness with Linux, and details key native Linux technologies and their evolution. Finally, it presents empirically-derived performance benchmarks for popular and widely-deployed CPUs. (26 pages)

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Moving legacy applications to Linux: RTOS migration revisited – William Weinberg, Analyst and Consultant, Linux Pundit.com
Whether you plan a move to embedded Linux or are just considering the investment needed to convert existing applications to embedded Linux and possible paybacks, this paper will help you understand the transition process, assess the challenges and risks, and appreciate the benefits you can realize from such a move. The paper addresses how to map legacy architectures onto Linux, options for migrated application execution, API and IPC translation, enhanced reliability realized from migration, the migration process itself, and application-specific migration challenges and solutions. (24 pages)

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Real programmers do use IDEs: The case for integrated development with embedded Linux – William Weinberg, Analyst and Consultant, Linux Pundit.com
This paper examines the evolution of embedded cross development, and why IDEs (integrated development environments) have remained "tomorrow's technology" for embedded developers. It also highlights recent trends in tool design and in the integration of the development process, especially as those trends apply to different types of embedded development and to various phases of the development process. It includes specific examples of how MontaVista DevRocket provides benefits to embedded Linux developers. (19 pages)

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MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade Edition – Carrier Grade Edition Team, MontaVista Software
This technical paper for technical managers, software developers, and systems engineers introduces MontaVista Linux Carrier Grade Edition, and describes what it is, how it was created, and how it provides a foundation for developing and deploying carrier grade applications such as those in communications networks. (28 pages)

Mobilinux: Building the case for open, scalable, low-cost client software – John Jackson, The Yankee Group
The global wireless device industry is experiencing commoditization amid increasing competition. Successful vendors must demonstrate unprecedented flexibility to cost-effectively meet the demands of multiple, distinct enterprise and consumer segments. This flexibility can be achieved with robust, open and scalable client software that mitigates the cost and complexity of addressing market-specific dynamics while creating value for consumers. This paper describes the factors needed in a mobile operating system and in mobile client software for the device to succeed for the device developer, for service providers, for ISVs, and for end-user consumers. It briefly discusses the experiences of Motorola, NTT DoCoMo, and PalmSource with MontaVista Mobilinux. (12 pages)

AdvancedTCA-based open architecture router platform for next-generation IP networks: Adding flexible services efficiently – Intel Corporation
For telecommunications equipment manufacturers and service providers, this paper explains why scalability and time-to-market are critical considerations in adding new services and features because early delivery can differentiate a new offering in a competitive environment. Explains how MontaVista Software, IPInfusion, and Intel Modular Communications teamed to deliver a server edge router based on ATCA standards to improve time-to-market and increase service flexibility. (8 pages)

Dynamic power management for embedded systems – IBM Low-Power Computing Research Center, IBM Linux Technology Center, and MontaVista Software
Primarily concerned with the power management implications of dynamic scaling, this paper attempts to standardize a dynamic power management and policy framework that will support different power management strategies, either under control of operating system components or of user-level policy managers. Although an IBM PowerPC processor is used as an example, the high-level specification for dynamic power management architecture presented here is portable across a number of hardware platforms. (25 pages)

The embedded Linux revolution and the innovator's advantage – Kevin Morgan
Explains the reasons for the dramatic growth of embedded Linux as the operating system of choice for the development of intelligent devices. (9 pages)

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